For Educators WoW! 2009

 

 

 

Dear Educators,

Below you will find curriculum guides for many of the WOW! books from the past few years. 

We hope these guides will help you make connections between your classroom content and the WOW! Conference.  The guides provide suggested activities and writing prompts and may be useful for reading, composition, literature, or creative writing classes at both the post-secondary and high school level.

Please feel free to make copies of any of the materials, but if you adapt or use the guides we ask that you attribute the materials or ideas to the appropriate guide contributor in your course materials or handouts.

Many thanks to the Skyline College faculty members who have created these guides.

Happy Lesson Planning!

 

Georgia Gero, WOW! Conference Coordinator


 

2008 and 2009
Poetry Slam/Spoken Word (WOW! Poetry Slam)
Georgia Gero, Contributor

Samba Dreamers by Kathleen De Azevedo (Workshop Facilitator)
Hilda Fernandez, Contributor

2008
Madras on Rainy Days by Samina Ali (Book Talk Panelist)
Jennifer Mair, Contributor

The Five-Forty Five to Cannes by Tess Uriza Holthe (Book Talk Panelist)
Kathleen Feinblum, Contributor

Imagine Your Way Home with Olive by Olive Hackett-Shaughnessy
(Workshop Facilitator)
Georgia Gero, Contributor

2007
Rose of No Man’s Land by Michele Tea (Book Talk Panel Moderator, Workshop Facilitator)
Contributor: Kathleen Feinblum

House of Thieves by Kaui Hart Hemmings (Book Talk Panelist)
Linda Vogel, Contributor

“I Stand Here Ironing” by Tillie Olsen (short story)
From Tell Me a Riddle.  Delacorte Press 1961. New York
Contributor: Lucia Lachmayr 
lachmayrl@smccd.edu

Poetry Slam/Spoken Word (WOW! Poetry Slam)

Contributor:  Georgia Gero

This year’s WOW! Conference includes a poetry slam emceed by slam poet, Meliza Banales. The following curriculum guide offers some suggested activities to encourage students to write poetry for and participate in slams, as well as activities and readings for incorporating a study of spoken word into a classroom study of poetry.  The readings, activities, and writing prompts below can be adapted for the high school and college classroom (both pre-transfer and transfer level reading and literature classes).

We hope these activities will help you encourage your students to compete in the WOW! Poetry Slam during the afternoon session of the conference.  Remember, competitors have only three minutes in each round – so encourage students to write work that will adhere to the time limit.  Students with a mind to compete should also practice and time their performances.

Recommended Readings

Say It With Your Whole Mouth, Meliza Banales

The Spoken Word Revolution Redux, Mark Eleveld, Editor (includes CD)

The following essays in Spoken Word Revolution Redux are of particular interest:

The Revolution Will Be, Guy Le Charles Gonzales

Read By The Author:  Some Notes on Poetry in Performance, Henry Taylor

Answering Carol:  An Open Letter From the Margin, Jack McCarthy

I recommend creating a packet of poetry that includes works by selected classic, Beat, postmodern, and slam poets. 

Videos/DVDs

Poetry in Motion.  Ron Mann, Director. Starring:  Allen Ginsberg, Charles Bukowski.  1982. 

Russel Simmons: Def Poetry (Season 4).  Stan Lathan, Director. Starring:  Mos Def, Kanye West.  2005.

Slammin’.  Paul Devlin, Director.  Starring:  Bob Holman, Evert Eden.  1995.

Slam Nation.   Paul Devlin, Director.  Starring:  Saul Williams, muMs da Schemer.  1998. Documentary on the 1996 National Poetry Slam.

Note:  Slam performances often include off-color language and radical ideas. You may wish to preview these videos to see if they are suitable for your classroom.

Online Resources

http://youtube.com/

Type in “poetry slam” in the search box and a variety of video slams will list.  Utilizing youtube.com can be an effective way for students to view a variety of slammers and performances.

www.poetryslam.com

Official website of the National Poetry Slam. 

http://www.myspace.com/melizabanales

WOW! Poetry slam emcee and National Poetry Slam winner.

Includes audio.

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4608329

Audio and text  of “Totally,  Like Whatever” by Taylor Mali, English teacher and National Poetry Slam winner.

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=9956461

Audio of a slam performance by Christa Bell which critiques Hip Hop’s representation of women.

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/extra/poetry/

Lesson plans.

http://www.ala.org/ala/yalsa/teenreading/trw/trw2003/TheNPoetrySheet2ndversion.pdf

Lesson plans.

http://www.daniland.com/slam/about.html

Information on the Berkeley Poetry Slam and slams in general.

http://mpoole2.home.mindspring.com/Pages/Open%20Mike%20Directory.html

Listings of open mic, spoken word, & poetry slam events.

Pre-Reading and Writing Activities (Schema Activation)

  1. Ask students to describe/define a traditional poetry reading and list their responses on the chalk board. Show clips or videos of slams in the classroom and facilitate classroom discussion about students’ responses to the videos as well as and compare those responses with their original perceptions of poetry readings. 
  1. Have students brainstorm the conventions and qualities of poetry written for performance (spoken word) and poetry written for the page (traditional poetry or as some now call it, “typographic” poetry).  Have students create a Venn diagram which captures the differences and similarities of each (see Venn diagram below). 

Venn Diagram

Characteristics specific to spoken word.

Characteristics shared by each.

 

Characteristics specific to traditional or typographic poetry.

 

 

In the top circle of the diagram, list characteristics specific to spoken word. In the bottom circle, list characteristics specific to traditional or typographic poetry.  In the center where the circles overlap, list characteristics which are shared by both spoken word and traditional poetry.  As the study of spoken word and traditional or typographic poetry continues in the classroom, students can revise their Venn diagrams.

Field Research

Require students to research venues for poetry slams and traditional poetry readings online and attend both a slam and a traditional poetry reading.  If a slam is not available, students could attend an open mic or spoken word event.  Students can then write a literary review of each and/or share their impressions in class discussion or on a class blog.

Creative Writing Prompts and Activities

  1. Transforming a Traditional Poem into Spoken Word

Read E.E. Cumming’s poem, put off your faces, death: for day is over, aloud to class.  Read aloud or play Patricia Barber’s Love, put on your faces (both a print and audio version is available of Barber’s poem in Spoken Word Revolution, Redux). Students examine the texts of each and identify what’s changed from the original to the adapted version.   How did Barber adapt and transform Cummings’ poem into a spoken word poem? (See Appendix A for both texts.)

  1. Metaphor Game (adapted from a  workshop presented at the 2006 Conference on College Composition and Communication) 

A.  Write a phrase, such as “a bowl of blueberries” on the chalkboard and facilitate students in expanding the basic phrase into a fleshed-out descriptive phrase. 

Exa bowl of plump, juicy blueberries sitting in a bright red, ceramic bowl on a hot summer’s day

B.  Ask students to write as descriptive a phrase as possible about any concrete object on a piece of paper. Students then fold the paper in half so the phrase cannot be seen and pass it three times to the left.  Caution students not to open the paper or read the phrase at this time.

C.  Facilitate a whole-class brainstorm of abstract concepts, such as love, hate, poverty, gravity, family, education, recklessness, responsibility, etc.  Create a very short list of concepts on the board.  Ask students to generate their own list.  Students then select an abstract concept and write it on the outside of the paper they have in front of them followed by “is”  (ex.: Love is). Students then pass their paper again three times to the left but once again, without reading the phrase written on the inside of the paper.

D.  Ask students one at a time to read the outside of the paper followed immediately by the inside descriptive phrase. 

 

Ex:       Love is  

a bowl of plump, juicy blueberries sitting in a bright red, ceramic bowl on a hot summer’s day

E. Facilitate a class discussion on the metaphors created in this exercise.  Some suggested questions are:

·         What is your immediate gut reaction to the metaphor?

·         What emotions does the metaphor evoke and why?

·         What does the metaphor mean?  How do you interpret it?

·         Why do some of the metaphors work and others don’t?

·         Which metaphors surprise you? Why?

Encourage discussion of contrary interpretations and watch for fresh, unexpected metaphors.

Students can follow through on the metaphor game by writing a poem which uses any one of the metaphors generated during class time.

  1. Decalogue Assignment (adapted from  http://writingfix.com/left_brain/Decalogue1.htm)

A decalogue is a list of ten items (or principles) on a related theme and serves as a proclamation or declaration.  A decalogue lends itself well to spoken word poetry. To begin, students select a title for their list then create a list of items that work with the title.  Encourage students to be as detailed and creative with their titles and list items as possible.  Once the title and list are created, students can revise their decologue into a spoken word poem – a manifesto to perform before their fellow students.  Students share their decalogue poem in small groups, and each group then selects one poem/poet to compete in a classroom slam.

Sample decalogue titles: 

  • 10 reasons why you should vote.
  • 10 reasons why I would once again drive my friend Billy to rehab.
  • 10 reasons why I, a waitress at the Hard Knocks café, spat into the man in the

corner’s food before I delivered it to his table and why I would spit into it again.

  • 10 techniques to effectively cut class.
  • 10 reasons I should never eat pizza on a Saturday night.
  • 10 basic rules you should always break/keep.
  • 10 reasons to write a decalogue.
  • 10 rules for playing with fire.
  1. Creative Steal (based on materials from lecturers at San Francisco State University).

Students select a traditional poem written for the page.  Utilizing the conventions of spoken word and poetry slams, each student adapts their chosen poem for competition in a slam. Provide classroom time for a slam in which students perform their creative steals.

Following are two discussion or essay prompts related to the Creative Steal:

A.  Students explore the differences and similarities between the traditional poem and the version adapted for spoken word.  Are the differences and similarities significant? Why/Why not?  What general conclusions can students arrive at by analyzing each?

B.  Students analyze the poem they stole, comparing and contrasting it to the poem they wrote in order to explore either poem more deeply and analytically. 

Some areas to analyze include:

·         Use of images (words that appeal to the senses: sight, smell, touch, taste, sound)

·         Use of metaphors and similes

·         Symbolism (representation of something abstract by something concrete)

·         Allusions (indirect references to somebody or something)

·         Setting and Situations (what happens and where)

·         Irony (saying one thing and meaning another)

·         Diction (word choices)

Research Projects

  1. Research the history of poetry slams.  How did slams begin?  Why?  How are slams different from other kinds of poetry readings?  Why does this matter? 
  1. Research the Beat poets.  Who are they? How were they different from the poets who came before them?  What social, cultural, and political forces helped develop the Beat movement?

Other Writing and/or Discussion Prompts

  1. Consider the history and conventions of the current spoken word movement (including poetry slams) and Beat poetry.  How do these two styles compare?  To what extent are they related? To what extent do you think slammers are influenced by Beat poets?  Is poetry slam and spoken word an extension of the Beat poets movement?  Why/why not? 
  1. Given your expanded knowledge, what differences and similarities can you now identify between spoken word and typographic or traditional poetry?  What conclusions can you draw about each genre? Which do you think is more accessible and why? To what extent do you think these differences matter? 

Appendix A

put off your faces, Death: for day is over

   E.E. Cummings

put off your faces, Death: for day is over

land such a day as must remember he

who watched unhands describe what mimicry.

with angry seasalt and indignant clover

marrying to themselves Life’s animals!

but not quite darkness shall outmarch forever

– and i perceive, within transparent walls

how several smoothly gesturing stars are clever

to persuade even silence: therefore wonder

opens a gate; the prisoner dawn embraces

hugely some few most rare perfectly dear

(and worlds whirl beyond worlds: immortal yonder

collidingly absorbs eternal near)

day being come, Love, put on your faces.

Love, put on your faces (excerpt)

   Patricia Barber

Adapted from Cummings

put off your faces, Death

for day is over

not even darkness

will outmarch you forever

several smoothly gesturing stars

clever to persuade

even silence

wonder opens a gate

the prisoner dawn embraces

some few

most rare

day being come

Love, put on your faces

Samba Dreamers by Kathleen De Azevedo (novel)

Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 2006.

Contributor: Hilda Fernandez

Synopsis

The Brazil of the imagination is shattered in this novel of two tortured souls wrestling with the myths of movies, politics, and the American Dream. Laced with fantastic tales of bird-boys and cannibal rituals, it spins a compelling story of desperation as it reminds us that American freedom and the myth of unbridled opportunity can also consume and destroy.

What course(s) or learning communities do you think the book works with and why?

Integrated reading-writing course one level below first-year comp or transfer level

Composition course below the first-year comp or transfer level (with literary analysis scaffolding)

First-year and second-year composition (Writing about Literature)

Would you recommend using the entire text or specific portions of the text?

Recommend reading the text in its entirety.

Pre-Reading (Schema Activation) Activity

  • In groups, students list and discuss several comic or cartoon superheroes.
  • After they complete their list, they select one and describe the special attributes, powers, or talents the superhero has.
  • Students are then asked to match a Hollywood figure that would best portray the superhero and present their selection
  • Teacher explain connection between specific characteristics and an actor/actresses’ typical movie roles
  • Teacher explains the term “persona” and then asks students to list several Hollywood actors/actresses that have a unique persona. (Elvis, Jessica Simpson, Brad Pitt)
  • Students then compare how a persona is different than the artist’s true character and then discuss why Hollywood figures would create a persona for themselves
  • Class then lists any foreign Hollywood actors or actresses that have developed a persona (Ricky Martin, Ricky Ricardo, Salma Hajek)
  • Class then discusses how Latin foreigners are typically stereotyped in Hollywood. What roles do they play in movies? Why? Who decides?
  • Finally, class discusses the novel, Samba Dreamer, by making inferences on the stereotypes on the cover page

Madras on Rainy Days by Samina Ali (novel)

2004, Picador, New York, NY

Contributor:  Jennifer Mair

Synopsis

Madras on Rainy Days explores the dilemma confronting Layla, a first-generation Indian-American Muslim.  As a dutiful Muslim daughter and an independent young American, Layla is torn between clashing identities.  Reluctantly agreeing to her parents’ wish for her to leave America and submit to an arranged marriage, Layla enters into the closed world of tradition and ritual as the wedding preparations get under way in Hyderabad.  Set against a background of rising Hindu-Muslim violence, and taboo questions of sexuality, Samina Ali presents the complexities of life behind the chador, and the story of a marriage where no one is what they seem.

What course(s) or learning communities do you think the book works with and why?

Women’s Studies – This book addresses some core issues of womanhood, including male domination and privilege, role/gender expectations, sexual coming of age, unwanted pregnancy and access to health care, generational differences in gender roles, cultural and religious influences on gender roles.  The author also provides detailed descriptions of traditional arranged marriage rites and ceremonies as practiced by the Muslim community in India.  Men’s roles of privilege are contrasted against limited roles available to women in traditional culture.

Cultural Studies – This book is a fictional first person account of a young woman coming of age partially in a conservative Muslim community in India and partially in the comparative freedom of the culture of the United States.   The cultural comparisons of gender roles, expectations, and activities available to young women and men are drastic, as are the differences in cultural values and how those values are allowed expression in each culture.  Cultural comparisons also include differences between Hindu and Muslim communities in India, and cover issues of gender, sexuality, medical care, freedom of expression, traditions of marriage and family, and violence.  Cultural identification and cultural invasion are also central themes. The author provides detailed descriptions of traditional arranged marriage rites and ceremonies as practiced by the Muslim community in India.

Literature – See above.  Also rich use of symbolism, irony, and foreshadowing.

With the appropriate scaffolding, this text could also be used in a reading course one level below the transfer level.

Would you recommend using the entire text or specific portions?

I would recommend using the entire text.  I cannot determine a specific portion that could be used in and of itself.

Pre-Reading/Schema Activation

  1. Research the demographics of India.  What is the cultural makeup?  Research the demographics of the United States and California.  What is the cultural makeup of each?  What % of each population has immigrated from India?  When were the main waves of immigration and under what circumstances?
  1. Research the marriage rites, arrangements and ceremonies of traditional India.  What are some specifics and details of the rites, arrangements and ceremonies?  Approximately what % of India follows traditional marriage rites?  What is the divorce rate?  Does it vary by cultural identification

Discussion and Writing Prompts

1.         p. 187 “Marium,” she said, using my mother’s name, which no one used anymore.  Like me, she was a bevi, wife, bhabhi, sister-in-law, then also apa, sister, amme, and even sauken, the other woman.  Defined, as most women were here, by how she was related to others.  Indeed, a woman could not be on her own, her dependency constructed even in language.

  1. How is the dependency of women constructed in the Old City?  What roles and tasks help to construct women’s identities?  Compare the roles of women in the Old City to the roles of women in your own culture.  What are the similarities?  Differences?  What roles did Layla play throughout the novel?  What role did she ultimately choose?

2.         How is India changing according to the older generations of characters?  According to the younger generation of characters?  What cultural changes do you see in your own culture? Do older/younger members of your culture talk about cultural changes?  What specifically?

3.         p. 153 “She handed me Sameer’s prayer cap with its delicate embroidery, and I set it on my husband’s head, and, in this way, she passed on to me what she had, till then, considered her responsibilities.  She freed herself of her son.”

  1. How does this gesture symbolize the passing of responsibilities?  What responsibilities are being passed?  What does this scene as well as others suggest about what women are responsible for?  What does this scene as well as other suggest about personal responsibility?  What do you think?
     
  1. In pp 117-118 Sameer and Layla discuss USA’s influence in India in terms of cultural invasion, corruption and purity.  What do you think they mean in the context of their story?  Have you witnessed any “cultural invasion” of US influence in other countries?  What specifically?  What do you think the consequences are?
  2. Pick out 5 cultural practices from the book that are very different from your own.  What are the main differences?  What did you learn about culture from these practices?  Pick 5 practices that have some similarities to your own culture.  How are they similar?  Do you think they hold similar meaning as the practices of your culture?
  1. What are three main messages the author is sharing through her fictional story?  How do these messages impact your concepts of self, identity, gender, sexuality, marriage, ethnicity, values and/or culture?
  1. What is the symbolism of the white cloth referred to on the first page of the prologue and throughout the book?  What does is symbolize in the traditions of India and marriage?  What does it symbolize for the main character Layla?

The Five-Forty-Five to Cannes by Tess Uriza Holthe (novel)

Crown Publishers

ISBN: 978-0-307-35185-2

Contributor: Kathleen Feinblum

Synopsis

The Five-Forty-Five to Cannes is a group of connected short stories which revolve around the murder of Chazz, a schizophrenic drug-addicted American millionaire who is killed near the Cannes train station. Chazz is estranged from his French wife Claudette and has bought a mansion in Cannes. An old Jewish woman, coming upon the murder scene,  thinks about her own estranged son, Laurent, who has married a Brazilian socialite and who later buys the mansion that belonged to Chazz before his death.

It becomes gradually implied that GianCarlo, a gypsy and petty criminal, is guilty of the murder. Gian Carlo is a haunted man, though. He follows a group of rich Americans to Pamplona, but a bullfight nauseates him. At a restaurant, he becomes paranoid that people despise him and tips over the table with food.

The book then branches off into stories of individuals. The purpose, as I see it, is to parallel emotional lives of the main characters with those who live in the general area of Cannes. In one story, Sophie, a photographer on assignment to photograph a famous chef, has just lost her mother and sister in an auto accident, and falls in love for the chef’s married brother. In another story, three lacemakers married to the same man, are widowed, and upon his death are supposed to create lace panels for a new museum. However, the women abandon the project to follow their individual desires. One of the wives burns down the house which contains the finished lace, but the other widows divert the fire truckers so all traces of their lace making are destroyed. In another story, a ferry driver ex-convict befriends a boy who claims to be his grandson but becomes victimized by a plot to kidnap the boy.       

The book comes to a full circle in the last chapters.  The gypsy GianCarlo comes home and is confronted by an angry mob from his own Romany community because they have gotten harassed and accused of murdering Chazz, the American.  Claudette, Chazz’s girlfriend, comes back to Cannes to the mansion belonging to Laurent, who was her lover before Chazz. She feels pangs of regret and abandonment.

What course(s) or learning communities do you think the book works with and why?

Five-Forty-Five could be taught in an English course one level above the transfer level (second-year composition, Writing About Literature), probably in an honors class. I would recommend this book with reservation. Much of it deals with the relationship between the wealthy people in Europe and the encroaching underclass. Though the wealthy are victimized by  to those in poverty and vice versa,  the milieu is pretty far away from the schema of most of our students. The book does have good material in which to discuss the differences, resentments and conflicts between social classes. Instructors would probably need to “fill in” the social dilemma faced by Europe’s Romany people.

Pre-Reading/Schema Activation

1.      What might be some emotional issues faced by one who moves to a country where he or she knows the culture from the outside, but not the inside?

2.      Have you ever felt resentment for one who is wealthier than you? What are some of the assumptions you have made and where do these assumptions come from?  

3.      What are some of the assumptions foreigners make of Americans? What are assumptions Americans have of Europeans?

4.      Why is it difficult for those in the underclass to  “get back on track” after living a life of crime?

Discussion Questions/Journal Prompts

1.      Do you feel the author is sympathetic to Chazz and his emotional  problems? Why or why not?

2.      Why do troubled people sometimes want to go far away  to an environment completely different from where they live? What might they hope will happen?

3.      Are the various criminal characters sympathetic?  How does their portrayal as “foreigners” differ from  the portrayal of the Americans as “foreigners?”

4.      Why would the author choose Cannes as the unifying setting, as opposed to another city?

5.      Do the women in the stories have unifying strengths or weakness? What makes them different?

6.      Do you believe Claudette’s regret in the end of the book? Why or why not?

Essay Prompts

1.      What are some of the issues society faces when there is a big gap between the very wealthy and very disenfranchised?

2.      As the “borders” between nations dissolve in our new age of globalization, how might this become a problem, especially in areas like Europe where tradition is highly valued?

3.      How has American tourism developed over the years? Does tourism threaten the culture being visited? What are some assumptions that American tourists might have about Europe (or other nations)?  Do tourists – even well intentioned ones –  “consume” a culture? Are there ways of being a good tourist?

Research Project

Research the history/issues regarding the Romany in Europe. Why have they remained in the underclass for so long? As more immigrants settle in Europe (Middle Eastern, African, former Soviet bloc nations), do you think this will change how Europeans look at the Romany?  How do you think Europe’s past experience with the Romany will affect how Europeans look at new immigrants?

Imagine Your Way Home with Olive by Olive Hackett-Shaughnessy (CD)

2006.  Hackett-Shaughnessy

Contributor:  Georgia Gero gerocheng@smccd.edu

Synopsis

In this CD, Olive Hackett-Shaughnessy, a storyteller, curriculum consultant and writer in San Francisco where she has been an artist-in residence in public and private schools for twenty years, retells seven stories from the oral, folk and fairytale tradition. 

What course(s) or learning communities do you think the CD works with and why?

The CD is ancillary material to a unit in which students analyze fairytales as conveyers of cultural messages.  Although this material is easily adapted to a transfer-level composition and/or literature course, it lends itself particularly well for use in a reading course or an IWR course and when focused primarily on a gender analysis, a WIT English 100 course.  Use of both written and oral versions of the fairytales lulls students into a comfort zone from which they then venture into unknown territory, as typically, they have not looked at these tales from a socio-cultural perspective.   For reading and IRW courses, I would stress the similar elements in the taped and print versions, as well as the strategies students must utilize to be both an active listener and reader.

Would you recommend using the entire text or specific portions?

Although there is value and enjoyment in all the tales on this CD, Mother Holle, The Queen Bee and The Seven Ravens lend themselves best to a critical analysis and print versions of these tales from the Brothers Grimm are readily available.

Readings

The following readings are essential to help students analyze the tales:

Bettelheim, Bruno.  (1989.)  The uses of enchantment: The meaning and importance of

fairytales.  New York:  Vintage Books.

Patterson-Neubert, Amy.  (2003.)  Experts say fairy tales not so happy ever after.  Purdue        News.  http://www.purdeu.edu/UNS/html4ever/03111.Grauerholz.tales.html

            Download 8.2/2005

A useful reading, but optional if pressed for time:

Thompson, Sith.  (2005.)  Universality of the Folktale.  In Behrens & Rosens (Eds.),     Writing            and reading across the curriculum.  New York:  Longman Pearson.

For print versions of the tales:

The Complete Grimm’s Fairytales.  (1944.)  New York: Pantheon Books.

Classic Fairytales. (1974.)  Iona and Peter Opie.  New York:  Oxford University Press.

Students may select a print version of any of the fairytales below.  I suggest sorting students into fairytale groups; some students will have to make compromises on their selections, but this will then allow them to analyze the tales collaboratively.

From The Complete Grimm’s Fairytales

Little Snow White                     Cinderella (Ashenputtel)            Rumpelstiltskin

Rapunzel                                  Death’s Messengers                 The Seven Ravens

Mother Holle                            The Queen Bee                        Hansel and Gretel

From Classic Fairytales:

Beauty & the Beast                   Sleeping Beauty                        Jack and the Beanstalk 

Pre-Reading/Schema Activation

Invite students to write on a large sheet of butcher paper the names of their favorite fairytales.   Have students respond briefly in writing and then afterwards in class discussion to the following prompts:

  • Why is this story your favorite?  Why does it appeal to you?
  • Describe how you first felt when you heard, read or saw (students may list fairytales that have been adapted or generated by the movie industry) this fairytale.
  • What did you learn from this fairytale?
  • What message do you think this fairytale conveys?

Reading and Discussion Assignments and Activities

1.   Assign a print version of either Mother Holle, The Queen Bee, or The Seven Ravens.  After reading, listen to the tale in class.  Discuss theme, plot, characters, the genre conventions of the fairytale and students’ general responses to the tale.

2.   Assign Bettelheim reading.  A dense reading, this text provides an excellent opportunity to discuss strategies for difficult readings.  Students will need help in arriving at the main message of the text and will need to work with the vocabulary. 

3.      Assign Patterson-Neubert reading.  Discuss.

4.    Reread or re-listen to the first tale discussed.  Guide the class through an analysis of the tale using questions based on the Bettelheim and Neubert readings (see Questions for Analyzing a Fairytale below).  Later, students will use these same questions to analyze their tales in groups.

5.   Students select their own fairytale groups, and working in groups, analyze the tales. This analysis can lead to either a group presentation and/or essay.

Questions for Analyzing a Fairytale                 

1.   What psychological problem or emotional issue does your tale deal with?  How do you know?  (Support your answer with the text.)

2.      What message does the tale send about that problem or issue?

3.      What aspects of the tale support this interpretation? (Support from the text.)

4.      Does the tale stereotype? Who? How?  (Support from the text.)

5.      What other messages does your tale send? In what ways are those messages positive?  Negative? (Support from the text.)

6.    How does your tale portray gender roles? What do the women in the story do?  How do they achieve success?  Love?  Happiness?  (Support from the text.)

7.      What do the men in the story do?  How do they achieve success?  Love?  Happiness?  (Support from the text.)

8.      Do you believe the story portrays gender roles positively or negatively?  Why?  (Support from the text.)

9.      Does the analysis of this tale change your previous perspective on this tale or on fairytales in general?  Why?

Essay Prompts

1.  What psychological problem(s) does your chosen fairytale help readers or listeners deal with and in what ways?

2.  What messages does your chosen fairytale deliver and are those messages positive, negative, a mixture? (Think in terms of stereotypes, class, values.)

3. Analyze your fairytale for how it portrays gender roles.  What messages does your fairytale send about how women or men should behave?  Do you believe the fairytale’s message about gender roles is positive, negative, a mixture?

Love and Other Impossible Pursuits by Ayelet Waldman (novel)

2006.  Doubleday.  0385515308

Contributor:  Erika Dyquisto dyquistoe@smccd.edu

Synopsis
A youngish (early 30s) now upper-middle-class New York lawyer learns how to love her precocious stepson after the loss of her own infant daughter.  At the same time she finds reconciliation, if not forgiveness, with her own father, who—on some levels—is similar to the man she has married.  The protagonist also finds a greater understanding of how her mother managed to raise two stepchildren who never seemed to appreciate her.

What course(s) or learning communities do you think the book works with and why?
The book is suitable for a literature course focusing on the ideas of love and forgiveness.  The text can also be used in a course for a re-entry learning community and lends itself to expository essay units which explore either of the following themes:

The cultural icon and stereotype of the stepmother.
Perceptions of love and forgiveness.

Would you recommend using the entire text or specific portions?
This book needs to be read in its entirety to truly understand it, and the slow, back and forth pacing is key to understanding the topic of the book.

Pre-Reading/Schema Activation
Quick slide show of scenes from Central Park in various seasons.  Freewrite prompt: How do the seasons impact one’s emotional mood and tone?  What does this scene make you think or feel?

Vocabulary
Vocabulary mapping: A lot of vocabulary in this book will probably be unfamiliar.  Students should collect vocabulary that’s unfamiliar to them and then, in groups, map how the words relate to each other in the context of the story.  For instance, if certain vocabulary relates to certain people or places, map out those relationships using a bubble map.

Mapping of Events in/on Central Park
The majority of events take place in Central Park, and location is a key part of this book.  It might help students’ understanding to provide a wall map of Central Park and, in groups, map the events of the book on the map.  Then students might order the events (follow the path in Central Park).  This might provide a visual key on which to focus both the order of events and the “nature” of events that occur. 

Discussion Questions

  • Does the author learn to forgive, why or why not?
  • How does William relate to the other characters in terms of maturity?
  • How is love shown in the novel?

Have students use the Questioning Circles or Questioning Levels to come up with their own questions for group/class discussion.  Show how those can be turned into theses for papers.

Journal Prompts

  • Write about a time when you made it difficult for your parents to love or understand you.   What were the issues or behaviors you had that created problems for your parents and how did they react?  Why do you think they reacted that way?
  • Write about a time when it was hard to love your children/stepchildren.  Why do you think they were acting this way? (Prompt specific to a re-entry learning community.)
  • What is love?
  • If love is learned, how does one learn to love?

Writing Prompts

  • How does the author use nature in the text, and how does the theme of nature relate to the controlling theme?
  • How is location used in the text, and how does it relate to the controlling theme?
  • How does the protagonist’s actions reflect her movements toward a new understanding of relationships and of herself?
  • Describe which scene you feel was most important in resolving the conflicts in the story.  Analyze how this scene allowed for those conflicts to be resolved.

Additional Readings (when love and forgiveness is a theme in a literature class)Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert, Paula by Isabelle Allende

Questioning Circles

Questioning Circles is a teaching strategy (Christenbury 1994) that provides a structured framework for developing questions about a text.  The strategy helps teachers to devise questions that are interesting and engaging to students; it helps students to think more critically about a text and to see how the text connects personally to their own lives.

The questioning circle consists of three overlapping areas of knowledge that expert readers bring to bear when reading:

Knowledge of the text being read                              Text

Personal response to the text                                         Reader

Knowledge of the world and other texts                     World

As the following diagram shows, the three areas overlap and create a central dense area.  The dense centre represents the highest-order thinking about a text.  Students need to inquire into and reflect upon these complex questions.

.

Although teachers may frame the questions, a more powerful strategy is to encourage students to work collaboratively to devise questions using the framework.  Introduce students to the idea that the question is the answer i.e. in thinking carefully about framing a question, the answer to the question is explored.

The following questions are based on the poem ‘Domestic Quarrel’

Domestic Quarrel

The walls of the house are paper thin.

Lying awake in the pit of the night

He hears his parents arguing,

And lights a candle stealthily.

The world’s two halves are closing in

A sounding shell; the voices flicker,

Knives that violate the night.

He lies imprisoned inside a whale,

His blind eyes trace its arching ribs.

The dark beats down.

Somewhere, offstage, ripples of distant thunder.

The windows frames momentary bleached photographs

Cold as a moon landscape.

He blows the candle out and waits

For sleep or the consummation of rain

On the tin roof, the tides of drowning sound.

                                                S McInerney

Text

Why can the boy hear everything that his parents say?

Why are the window frames “momentary bleached photographs”?

Text/Reader

Have you ever felt imprisoned like the boy in the poem?

Do you sympathize with the boy in the poem?

Reader

How do you feel when members of your family quarrel?

Reader/World

How are your views about parents influenced by the experiences of your friends?

World

What are some of the causes of family disputes?

Do you think that quarrels occur in all families from time to time?

World/Text

Do you think that the boy’s experience of lying awake at night listening to his parents quarrel is a common one in Australian society?

What is the poet’s attitude to domestic quarrels?

Dense Questions:

How do people generally react to the type of situation that this boy is in?  With sympathy or disinterest?

What might the poet say about the power of poetry to comment on important issues in society?

For more information about Questioning Circles see:

Wilhelm, J. D. (2001) Strategic Reading, Boyton-Cook/Heinemann, Portsmouth.

Christenbury, L. (1994) Making the Journey: Being and Becoming a Teacher of English Language Arts, Boynton-Cook/Heinemann, Portsmouth.

Downloaded from:  http://wwwfp.education.tas.gov.au/english/questcirc.htm


Rose of No Man’s Land by Michelle Tea (novel)

Contributor:  Kathleen Feinblum

Synopsis

Trisha Driscoll comes from a dysfunctional family. Her mother is a reclusive hypochondriac and her mother’s boyfriend Donnie is a semi-employed “slacker”. Trisha’s sister Kristy is a cosmetology graduate from a vocational education program and works in at Jungle Unisex, a salon in the mall. Kristy gets Trisha a job at the trendy clothing store, Omigod! as a fill n for Kim Porciatti, an employee who is out because of a suicide attempt. Trisha cannot fit in with the store’s “pretentiously hip” image and is fired, but not before swiping the cell phone that belonged to Porciatti. She meets up with Rose, a misfit who works in a mall fast food restaurant. Both of them leave the mall and decide to hang out together. Kim’s phone rings and Trisha answers it, posing as Kim. The caller sounds rather sleazy. Fired up by curiosity,  Rose and Trisha hitchhike a ride to Paulie’s and his father Harry Chester’s house in Revere Beach. Rose and Trisha find out that Paulie has been taking nude pictures of Kim and that he is a drug dealer. They buy crystal meth from him, and then precede on a drug, sex, and tattoo spree which results in a hot affair between Trisha and Rose. Trisha returns home to her dysfunctional family but realizes that at least she has established herself as an individual among the chaos.

What course(s) or learning communities do you think the book works with?

This book, a coming of age story, would work with students in English courses below the first-year or transfer level and in integrated reading-writing courses.

Do you recommend using the entire text or specific portions?

I’d recommend using the entire novel. There are some good stylistic passages that an instructor may want to use.

Pre-Reading Prompt:

Think of a time in your life where you rebelled against your family and/or society. Did you know what you were rebelling against? How did you choose to rebel? Was the outcome of your rebellion constructive? Destructive? What did you learn at the end?

Questions and Journal Prompts:

 

  1. In looking at the mall culture, are there stores considered to be “cooler” than others? How does a store in a mall maintain their image? Use a store you are familiar with as an example.
  1. Why is Kristy not able to realize her sexuality as a lesbian but Trisha is?
  1. How do young people negotiate power struggles in the absence of parents to teach them how to behave, or when adults act like children themselves?
  2. Why do Trisha and Rose get caught up taking meth? Do you feel they will become addicts?
  1. Why do so many young people engage in dangerous/self-destructive behavior?
  1. Do you think Rose’s and Trisha’s relationship will get stronger? Why or why not?
  1. What are particular problems facing gay/lesbian youth?

 

House of Thieves by Kaui Hart Hemmings (novel)

Publisher:  Penguin Press

Contributor:  Linda Vogel

Synopsis

House of Thieves, written by Kaui Hart Hemmings, is a collection of nine short stories of bold characters in modern day Hawaii.  Hemmings style is dramatic.  She has a clear vision of the paradoxes within American families even when they are in so -called paradise.  Her stories are told from different points of view:  the frustrated teenager; jealous mother; lonely teenager; and others.  The characters struggle with timeless issues of parental neglect, love, acceptance, coming of age, abandonment, and anger.  "Rooted in the circumstances and situations of island people, they reveal the mundane cycle of small triumphs and tragedies that make up the lives of ordinary people everywhere.  A single mother's discovery of a pornographic magazine in her thirteen-year-old son's room sends her down a spiral of jealousy that ultimately guarantees her loss of him.  A middle-aged man struggles with his secret hatred for his brother…. A white man who is left by his native Hawaiian wife struggles to understand why he and his daughter, abandoned together, feel such deep resentment for each other…" The stories reflect the complexity of families today.

Learning Communities or Courses:  The entire book might work in the Kababayan English class, a woman’s re-entry course, first-year comp or transfer level English course, a sociology/English class learning community.  A portion of the book could be used to develop various themes, such as interracial marriage, parental neglect, love, etc.

Suggested activities:

Compare the themes of two stories, e.g. "Island Cowboys" to "Begin with an Outline" 

Choose 2 stories that have an ironic/sarcastic tone and discuss specifically how the author develops ton

Compare/contrast two characters, e.g., Scottie in "The Minor Wars" to Nicole in "House of Thieves" 

Rewrite the ending of "The Minor Wars"

“I Stand Here Ironing” by Tillie Olsen (short story)
From Tell Me a Riddle.  Delacorte Press 1961. New York
Contributor: Lucia Lachmayr 
lachmayrl@smccd.edu

Synopsis
A mother stands ironing a dress and is questioned by an unknown interlocutor who may be a teacher, a counselor, or perhaps even a social worker, asking the mother to “…come in and talk with me.” Her daughter, Emily, who had been unhealthy and socially awkward throughout her childhood is suddenly finding success in performing and now someone probably from the school, wants to speak to her. Although the story is sparse in dialogue, the mother’s internal thought processes detailing the difficulties that the mother has had to endure and that have colored her relationship to her daughter. She seems to at once resent the interlocutor as well as hope that he/she will be able to intercede on her behalf to convey an emotional connection to her daughter that she is incapable of articulating personally.

What course(s) or learning communities do you think the essay might work with and why?
This reading would work well with a reading or integrated reading-writing course one level below the transfer level in that it deals with a mother/daughter relationship that is troubled and that trouble is brought about in no small measure due to the working class necessities and hardships endured by the mother, something many of the pre-transfer students may still be dealing with as many live at home. The story would also be a wonderful read for re-entry or women’s learning community  or a Literature class in which you wanted to look at particular elements of a story.

Journal and Discussion Prompts

  1. Rewrite this piece from the perspective of the daughter.
  2. Rewrite this piece from the perspective of the interlocutor.
  3. Compare this daughter to the daughters in “Everyday Use.” Which do you think this daughter is more like and explain why you think so.
  4. List some of the conflicting emotions that the mother seems to be having and surmise why she might be having them.
  5. What do you think is the overall theme/message of this piece?
  6. Why doesn’t the mother simply tell Emily she loves her?
  7. Does Emily appear to you as the mother has described her? Why is that so?
  8. Do you think the interlocutor will advocate to Emily on behalf of the mother?
  9. Do you think the mother will change her ways as a result of this visit?

How this reading could be used
This reading could be used alone or in conjunction with another reading. Using it alone students could:

    • Act out each of the roles, preparing in groups to come up with dialogue they could use as well as a rationale that explains why they are saying what they are saying.
    • Do a focused freewrite, making connections between their own relationships with their mothers or fathers and comparing/contrasting the differences they see with the text
    • Get into groups and come up with different scenarios that predict what will happen from here
    • Use the internet to find out what problems exist for children raised in poverty and with very young parents
    • Do a vocabulary log of the words they had difficulty with

Using other texts, students could:

    • Compare and contrast characters from Olsen’s piece to another one
    • Show how environment problematizes the character’s existence, using another work to bolster claims in the Olsen piece.

Other short stories of a similar thematic nature that could be used in tandem with Olsen’s

  • “Everyday Use” by Alice Walker
  • “In Search of our Mother’s Gardens” by Alice Walker
  • “Sonny’s Blues” by James Baldwin
  • “Girl” by Jamaica Kincaid
  • “A Worn Path” by Eudora Welty
  • “No Name Woman” by Maxine Hong Kingston

Poems

  • “a song in the front yard” by Gwendolyn Brooks
  • “Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers” by Adrienne Rich

Novels

  • Sula by Toni Morrison

Television Media

  • Television representations of a similar nature: “My sister, my Sitter” or “Little Big Mom” episodes of the Simpsons in which Lisa tries to tackle Marge’s job as homemaker and caretaker, losing her cool in the former episode and failing miserably in the latter.